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Difficulty: 3/102023 NMTC 2023 (QII-48)

When particular positive number is divided by 5, the remainder is 2. If the same number is divided by 6, the remainder is 1. If the difference between the quotients of division is 3, then find the number.

Guide / Hint

Hint 1: Write the two divisions algebraically: and .

Hint 2: Relate the quotients: (since 5 is smaller, its quotient is larger).

Hint 3: Equate the two expressions for and solve for , then calculate .

Solution

Step 1 (Formulate Equations): Let the positive number be . Let the quotient when is divided by 5 be , and when divided by 6 be :

Step 2 (Use Quotient Difference): We are given that the difference between the quotients is 3. Since dividing by a smaller number (5) yields a larger quotient:

Step 3 (Equate the Equations and Solve): Substituting into Equation 1 and equating it to Equation 2:

Step 4 (Compute N): Using in Equation 2:

Step 5 (Conclusion): The number is exactly 97.

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    2023 NMTC 2023 QII-48 - Olympiad Math Olympiad Question | Leminno