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Difficulty: 5/102024 IOQM 2024 (Q19)

Consider five points in the plane, with no three of them collinear. Every pair of points among them is joined by line. In how many ways can we color these lines by red or blue, so that no three of the points form triangle with lines of the same color.

Guide / Hint

Hint 1: Start by analyzing the initial conditions and setting up the basic equations. 2 ways (corresponding to each color).

Hint 2: Look for algebraic properties, symmetry, or geometric theorems to simplify. As color of other sides got fixed.

Hint 3: Proceed with the final algebraic steps to solve the system. Not possible => 0 ways as color of other sides got fixed and there will be one triangle which will have all sides.

Solution

Step 1: 2 ways (corresponding to each color)

Step 2: As color of other sides got fixed

Step 3: Not possible => 0 ways as color of other sides got fixed and there will be one triangle which will have all sides

Step 4: rud on block

Step 5: => not possible => 0 ways (same reason as above)

Step 6: Only one way of colouring as color of other sides got fixed

Step 7: => 2 ways (corresponding to each color for shown figure)

Step 8: => total number of ways

Step 9: = 2 + 5c1 × 2 = 12 ways

Step 10: 1 ways of choosing 2 will active rides

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    2024 IOQM 2024 Q19 - Olympiad Math Olympiad Question | Leminno