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Difficulty: 4/102023 IOQM 2023 (Q17)

Consider the set S = {(a, b, c, d, e): 0 < < < < < e < 100} where a, b, c, d, e are integers. If D is the average value of the fourth element of such tuple in the set, taken over all the elements of S, find the largest integer less than or equal to D.

Guide / Hint

Hint 1: Start by analyzing the initial conditions and setting up the basic equations. d = 4 sum = 4 × 95C1 × 3C3.

Hint 2: Look for algebraic properties, symmetry, or geometric theorems to simplify. d=5 sum = 5 × 94C1 × 4C3.

Hint 3: Proceed with the final algebraic steps to solve the system. d=6 sum solve for the final value × 93C1 × 5C3.

Solution

Step 1: d = 4 sum = 4 × 95C1 × 3C3

Step 2: d=5 sum = 5 × 94C1 × 4C3

Step 3: d=6 sum = 6 × 93C1 × 5C3

Step 4: d = 98 sum = 98 × nC1 × 97C3

Step 5: Total = 4  95C1  3C3 + 5  94C1  4C3 … × 98 1C1  97C3

Step 6: (99 − ) 98−r

Step 7: = 4 .r C3

Step 8: = 4  99−r C4 \times r

Step 9: = 4 \times 100C6

Step 10: 4 \times 100C6

Step 11: => A.M =

Step 12: =>  3  = 66

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