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Difficulty: 5/102022 IOQM 2022 (Q16)

Let be real numbers satisfying:

Given that the product can take two values and in lowest terms, find .

Guide / Hint

Hint 1: Multiply the three equations by respectively to get a symmetric system containing the product term .

Hint 2: Eliminate quadratic terms using the original equations to write as linear functions of .

Hint 3: Substitute the linear expressions back into one of the original equations to solve for the two possible values of and compute .

Solution

Step 1: Multiply each equation by the remaining variable to introduce the term :

Step 2: Isolate the quadratic terms from the original equations and substitute them:

  • From original (2): . Substituting into (1):

  • From original (3): . Substituting into (2):

  • From original (1): . Substituting into (3):

Step 3: Equate the three expressions for :

This allows us to express in terms of :

Step 4: Substitute and back into the first original equation :

Step 5: We find for both roots:

  • If : .

  • If : .

Step 6: Comparing to and , we have . These are in lowest terms. Find the sum:

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