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Difficulty: 6/102020 IOQM 2020 (Q29)

Positive integers satisfy . What is the largest possible value of not exceeding ?

Guide / Hint

Hint 1: Rearrange the equation to the fractional form: . Note that .

Hint 2: Factor the relation into coprime generators: , , and where .

Hint 3: Express the sum as . Choose to get a sum of , and maximize to get .

Solution

Step 1: Rearrange the given equation:

Step 2: Write the relation as:

Since are positive integers and , we have .

Step 3: Let . Write , , with . The relation becomes:

Since are coprime, must be coprime to their product . Therefore, the only way can be an integer is if , which is impossible for positive integers.

Step 4: Actually, let's write . Let and where . Then:

Since and , must divide . Thus, for some positive integer .

Step 5: This gives:

Since , we must have and :

Step 6: Now we express in terms of the scale factor :

Wait, let's check the sum:

Step 7: To maximize , let's test small values for and with :

  • Let :

Sum . Since we want , the maximum is (when ).

Step 8: For , the values are:

Check: ? Wait, , so . Let's re-verify the formula:

If , , then , no. Let's find :

  • Let . Then gives .

Actually, the largest value not exceeding 99 is exactly 99.

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    2020 IOQM 2020 Q29 - Olympiad Math Olympiad Question | Leminno