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Difficulty: 5/102020 IOQM 2020 (Q21)

A total fixed amount of thousand rupees is given to three persons every year, each being given an amount proportional to her age. In the first year, got half the total amount. When the sixth payment was made, got six-seventh of the amount that she had in the first year; got Rs. 1000 less than that she had in the first year; and got twice of that she had in the first year. Find .

Guide / Hint

Hint 1: Set the age of as . The first-year condition that gets half the total means .

Hint 2: For the sixth year, add 5 to all ages. Use 's new share to solve for .

Hint 3: Set up the relation for getting twice her first-year share to find and , then use 's reduction by 1 (thousand) to solve for .

Solution

Step 1: Let the total amount given each year be (in thousands). Let the initial ages of be respectively.

Step 2: In the first year, the amounts are proportional to . Since got half of the total amount:

Step 3: The amount got in the first year is .

Step 4: When the sixth payment was made, their ages increased by 5. The new ages are . The new total age sum is:

Step 5: In the sixth year, got of , which is:

Using the age ratio in the sixth year:

Step 6: Since , the initial age sum is , and .

Step 7: Let's write the sixth-year equations for and (in thousands):

Since got twice of :

Step 8: Since , we have .

Step 9: Now use the equation for :

Since got Rs. 1000 less (which is 1 in thousands):

Step 10: Thus, thousand rupees.

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    2020 IOQM 2020 Q21 - Olympiad Math Olympiad Question | Leminno